LESSON NINE

 

Objetivo: esta lição dará ênfase aos pronomes indefinidos, ou seja, aquelas palavras que variam de função ou significado, de acordo com s forma da frase ou oração.

 

LESSON NINE

 

STRUCTURE:

 

Indefinite pronouns:

 

São os pronomes, que embora sejam invariáveis, mudam de função de acordo com a forma da frase em que forem usadas.

 

INTERROGATIVE FORM

 

Any=algum,alguma

Anybody=alguém

Anyone=alguém

Anything=alguma coisa

 

Ex: is there anything that you want?

Is there anyone /anybody here?

Do you have any English book to me?

 

NOTE:

 

Nesta forma o pronome any tem a tradução: alguma,algum. Embora quando aparecer em frases afirmativas a tradução será: qualquer.

 

Ex: I have anything to eat now?

 

AFFIRMATIVE FORM

 

Some= algum, alguma

Somebody=alguém

Someone=alguém

Somthing=alguma coisa

 

Ex:

 

Somebody wants to speak with you.

I see some toys in that box.

You have something to my sister.

Someone left this letter here.

 

NOTE:

 

Some pode aparecer em perguntas. Neste caso terá o sentido de oferecimento, convite ou  como sugestão. Desde que a resposta seja afirmativa.

 

Ex:

 

Do you want to speak with somebody? Yes, I want.

Would you like some coffee ? yes, I would like.

 

NEGATIVE FORM

 

No any= nenhum, nenhuma

No anybody=ninguém

Not anyone=ninguém

Nobody=ninguém

Not anything=nada

Nothing=nada

 

Neste caso uma frase ou oração negativa pode admitir apenas uma negação. Por isso uma frase negativa pode ser expressa de duas formas.

 

» se o verbo já estiver na forma negativa pode-se usar any.

 

Ex: there isn’t any piece of cake here.

 

» o pronome no aparece se o verbo estiver na forma afirmativa.

 

Ex: there is no piece of cake here.

 

Logo, uma frase negativa pode ser expressa das seguintes formas:

 

Ex:

 

She don’t speak with anybody.

 

Or

 

She speaks with nobody.

 

Outras expressões que causam confusão são:

 

NO= no sentido de nenhum, nenhuma e

NONE= também com sentido de nenhum, nenhuma.

 

A diferença entre eles será:

 

O no =deve ser usado sempre seguido de substantivo.

 

Ex: you have no toy.

 

They buy no car.

 

None= não deve ser seguido de substantivo. Porque seu objetivo na oração é substituir o próprio substantivo.

 

Ex: do you have any book? I have none.

 

I bought a new blouse, but my sister bought none.

 

NOTE:

 

Esta expressão none of= nenhum de, pode ser usada em três situações:

 

» quando for seguida de pronomes objetos.

 

Ex: none of yours came here yesterday.

 

» quando vier seguido the + nome no plural.

 

Ex: I don’t see none of the girls there.

 

» com adjetivos possessivos + substantivo no plural.

 

Ex: none of our friends went to the beach.

 

ACTIVITY –I

 

1) pass the sentences to negative form using no and any. Look at the example:

 

Ex:

 

I have a brother.

I have no brother.

I don’t have any brother.

 

a) she read a book.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

b) Peter say some words to me.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

c) I take toys to my children.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

d) I like to eat cake.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

e) her father has a new car.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

2) complete  the sentences with any or some:

 

a)do you have____________ friend that speak English?

 

b) would you like ___________ juice? Yes, please.

 

c) John will take _________ book. But I didn’t finish to read it.

 

d) have_________cd, do you want to listen _______?

 

e) I clean __________ old things.

 

3) rewrite the sentences and correct their mistakes:

 

a) I didn’t see nobody at the party.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

b) she knows anybody in her new school.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

c) I don’t have no problem now.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

d) my sister didn’t see nobody at home.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

e) Francis wasn’t doing nothing at home.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

f) did you see some student here?

 

____________________________________________________________

 

g) my mother wants to buy anything for my brother.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

NEW VERBS

 

To put= colocar

To dream= sonhar

To meet= encontrar

To pay= pagar

 

NEW WORDS

 

Wall calendar= calendário de parede

Safe= cofre

Sharpener= apontador

Doubts= dúvidas

Mistake= erro

Bus=ônibus

Honey= mel

Library= biblioteca

Blond= loiro

Boss= chefe/ patrão

Check= cheque

Checkbook= talão de cheques

Clumsy=desajeitado

Dish=prato

 

NEW EXPRESSIONS

 

To clap hands= aplaudir

To be thirsty= estar com sede

For a while = por um momento

By heart= de cor

At all= absolutamente

 

ACTIVITY- II

 

a) translation:

 

a) you need to pay the secretary.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

b) I had a good dream last night.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

c) I meet you at the library this afternoon.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

d) are they thirsty ?

 

____________________________________________________________

 

e) for a while, I dream good things.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

f) you were excelent ! everybody claped hands.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

g) I read this book and I know by heart.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

h) at all, I need to pay you tomorrow morning!

 

____________________________________________________________

 

i) Is there anybody here?

 

____________________________________________________________

 

j) I meet nobody at library.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

b) rewrite the sentences below:

 

a) you/ checkbook/do/have/ a?

 

____________________________________________________________

 

b) at all/ don’t/ I/ you/ understand

 

____________________________________________________________

 

c) clumsy/ she/ is.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

d) boss/ is/my/ blond.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

e) ever/ dishes/ you/ have/washed /the/?

 

____________________________________________________________

 

f) I/class/ doubts/ some/ have/this.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

g) don’t/ they/ safe/ have/a.

 

____________________________________________________________

 

GABARITO

 

Activity-I

 

1) a)

 

She read no book.

 

She don’t read any book.

 

b)

 

Peter  say  no words to me.

 

Peter don’t / didn’t say any words to me.

 

c)

 

I take no toys  to my children

 

I don’t take any toys to my children

 

d)

 

I like to eat no cake.

 

I don’t like to eat any cake.

 

e)

 

Her father has  no a car.

 

Her father  don’t have  any car.

 

2)

 

a) any

 

b)some

 

c) some

 

d) some / any

 

e) some

 

4) a) I didn’t see anybody at the party./ I see nobody at the party.

 

b) She don’t  know anybody in her new school./ she know nobody in her new school.

 

c) I don’t have problem now./ I have no problem now.

 

d) My sister didn’t see anyobody at home./ my sister see nobody at home.

 

e) Francis was doing nothing at home./ francis wasn’t doing anything at home.

 

f) Did you see any student here?

 

g) My mother wants to buy something for my brother.

 

Activity –II

 

1)

 

a) você precisa pagar a secretária.

 

b) Eu tive um bom sonho noite passada.

 

c) Eu encontro você na biblioteca esta tarde.

 

d) Eles estão com sede?

 

e) Por um momento , eu sonhei coisas boas.

 

f) Você foi excelente! Todos aplaudiram.

 

g) eu li este livro e sei de cor.

 

h) Absolutamente , eu preciso pagar você amanhã.

 

i) Há alguém aqui?

 

j) Eu não encontrei ninguém na biblioteca.

 

2)

 

a) do you have a checkbook?

 

b) at all, I don’t understand you.

 

c)she is clumsy.

 

d) my boss is blond.

 

e) have you ever washed the dishes?

 

f)I have some doubts this class.

 

g)they don’t have a safe.