INGLÊS NÍVEL BÁSICO

 

LESSON 11

 

OBJETIVO:nesta lição veremos um pouco mais sobre o simple present, ou presente simples. Mas desta vez não ficará só no verbo  to be, entraremos em outros verbos e assim poderemos ver qual a estrutura do demais verbos quando conjugados no tempo presente e se sofrem alguma alteração na sua forma verbal a medida que são conjugados.

 

PRÉ-REQUISITO: para melhor memorização, faça as atividades e se possível leia-as mais de uma vez para poder entendê-las e aprender esta lição.

 

Depois da revisão das aulas anteriores, vamos ver o que temos de bom a partir de agora. Como já vimos um pouco do verbo to be. Nesta lição enfocaremos a nossa atenção aos demais verbos.

 

STRUCTURE

 

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

 

look:

I read a good book.

She reads a good book.

 

No tempo presente pode-se usar o auxiliar do,does, para fazer interrogações e sentenças negativas.

 

Ex: do you like to read?

I don’t like to read.

 

Simple present= é formado a partir do infinitivo do verbo sem a particular to. A terceira pessoa do singular (she,he,it), no geral recebe s no final do verbo. Mas temos algumas exceções.

 

NOTE:

A) os verbos terminados em sh,ch,o,x,z. recebem ES na terceira pessoa do singular.

Ex : monarch=monarches              brush=brushes

       fix=fixes                                  dress=dresses

 

B) os verbos terminados em y precedidos de consoante mudam y por ies.

Ex : I cry = she cries               I try= he tries

 

C) verbo to have – na terceira pessoa tem a forma has.

Ex : I have a ball.              She has a doll.

 

Quando você deve usar o simple present??!

 

Em três situações:

 

1º- para expressar verdades universais, algo concreto e real.

Ex : the sun is hot.

 

2º- para expressar ações planejadas para o futuro.

Ex: our bus leaves in tem minutes.

My mother wants to buy a car next month.

 

NOTE:

As ações habituais, geralmente são acompanhadas de advérbios de freqüência.

Os  mais comuns são:

Always

Frequently

Every

Never

Seldom

Often

Rarely

Sometimes

Usually

Ex: I never eat fish.

      You seldom watch TV in afternoon.

       She usually goes downtown with her mother.

 

MUCH – MANY - VERY

 

Vamos entender quando e como usamos esses termos:

 

Much:muito-  é considerado com adjetivo, quando no singular.

 

Many: muitos – é considerado como adjetivo quando no plural.

 

Ambos são usados antes de substantivos para dar idéia de quantidade.

Ex: I have much money at the bank.

       There are many things to do.

 

Very: muito- é advérbio. É usado no sentido de intensidade.

Ex: she is very beautiful.

 

NOTE:

Much and many podem ser substituídos por  a lot of.

Ex : there is   much    money at the bank.
                    A lot of

I have many things to do today.

         A lot of

 

NEW VERBS

 

To cry= chorar                   to try= tentar

To push= empurrar             to pull= puxar

 

NEW WORDS

 

Always= sempre                              world=mundo

Frequently= frequentemente           good=bom

Often= frequentemente                   old= velho

Never= nunca                                   among= entre, (no meio de vários)

Seldom= raramente                          new= novo

Sometimes= as vezes                       people= pessoas

Usually= geralmente                         belief= crença, fé

Ancient=antigo                                  black=preto

Modern= moderno                             pink= rosa

Bad= mal                                           yellow= amarelo

Colors= cores                                    Brown= marrom 

White= branco                                  gray= cinza

Red= vermelho

Blue= azul

Green= verde

 

NEW EXPRESSIONS

 

To retire= aposentar-se

Data= informações, dados

Date=data

To take away= retirar

To come across= encontrar por acaso

To go on= continuar

To cut down= economizar dinheiro

 

ACTIVITY

 

1) CHANGE TO SINGULAR:

 

A) the boys want to play soccer today.

_________________________________________________

 

B)her brothers go to church at 6:30.

_________________________________________________

 

C)they eat beans and rice every night.

_________________________________________________

 

D)the women need to buy new shirts.

_________________________________________________

 

E) the students bring many books this morning.

_________________________________________________

 

2) COMPLETE WITH THE CORRECT FORM OF THE VERBS IN PARENTHESES:

 

A)I always ________downtown with my mother.(to go)

B)she ________her old bicycle( sell)

C)the boy________to drink milk every morning (to drink)

D)that _________intelligence.( to be)

E) this old man __________to buy a lot of cigarettes.(to want)

F) do you ____________to try again?( to need)

 

3)COMPLETE THE SENTECES WITH :MANY,MUCH, VERY.

 

A)there are____________ children in my house.

B)my brother is_________ intelligence.

C)there is ________ meat in this sandwich.

D)John has __________toys.

E) my son speaks_________ languages.

F) it’s__________hot today.

G) I need to sell________ books this week.

H) Ane has _________ friends.

 

4)COMPLETE THE SENTECES WITH THESE EXPRESSIONS: TO RETIRE, DATA AND TO TAKE AWAY.

 

A) my father has 25 years of work and this year he___________.

B) you need ______________ that book on the box.

C)I have many ___________ about your new friend.

 

5)CHANGE TO THE THIRD PERSON OF SINGULAR( SHE/ HE)

 

A) they usually like to speak in English.

__________________________________________________

 

B) we frequently play volleyball on Saturday.

__________________________________________________

 

C)we study English every week.

__________________________________________________

 

D)I word in the afternoon and study at night.

__________________________________________________

 

E)we try to speak with her this week.

__________________________________________________

 

GABARITO

 

1)

A)the boy wants to play soccer today.

B) her  brother goes to church at 6:30.

C) he/she eats beans and rice every night.

D)the woman needs to buy new shirt.

E)the student brings the book this morning.

 

2)

A)go

B)sells

C) dinks

D)is

E)wants

F)need

 

3)

A)many

B)very

C)much

D)many

E)many

F)very

G)many

H) many

 

4)

A)to retire

B) to take away

C) data

 

5)

A) he/she usually likes to speak in English

B)he/she frequently plays volleyball on Saturday.

C)he/she studies English every week.

D) he/she works in the afternoon and studies at night.

E) he/she tries to speak with her this week.