INGLÊS NÍVEL BÁSICO

 

LESSON 14

 

OBJETIVO:esta lição abordará , the simple past tense,( passado simples), em todas as suas formas: interrogativa, negativa e afirmativa. Poderemos ver como formar o simple past tanto com verbos regulares como os irregulares e testar nosso conhecimento através dos exercícios.

 

PRÉ-REQUISITO: estar seguindo as lições e fazendo os exercícios.

 

LESSON 14

 

DID YOU CALL ME?

 

Reparou que nessa frase aparece o auxiliar DID? Este verbo auxiliar indica que a frase está no passado. Vejamos agora como usar o tempo passado!!

 

STRUCTURE

 

SIMPLE PAST- REGULAR  VERBS

 

Ex.:

I called my brother.

We danced a lot last night.

 

SIMPLE PAST: nos verbos regulares o passado simples é formado por acrescentar D/ED no final do verbo.

 

VEJA O EXEMPLO ABAIXO:

 

You worked all day long.

 

NOTE: toda regra tem sua exceção, essa aqui não é diferente. veja o porquê:

 

1º- se o verbo for terminado em y e vier procedido de consoante, tira-se o y e coloca-se ied.

 

Ex.:

Cry= cried                                         study= studied

 

2º- se o verbo for terminado em consoante /vogal/ consoante e a última sílaba for mais forte, então dobra-se a consoante e depois acrescenta-se ed.

 

Ex.:

Stop =stopped                                  permit= permitted

 

3º- se os verbos terminarem em consoante /vogal/ consoante, mas a sílaba forte não for a última, neste caso não será necessário dobrar a consoante.

 

Ex.:

Open= opened                                 develop= developed

 

até agora tudo ok! Afinal são apenas os verbos regulares. Mas vamos dificultar um pouco mais as coisas??!

 

SIMPLE PAST- IRREGULAR VERBS

 

I spoke with my friend yesterday.

You understood your teacher very well.

 

Nestas frases notamos mudanças na forma escrita do verbo.

 

IRREGULAR VERBS: estes não têm regras, cada um tem sua própria forma para o passado!!

 

Ex.: she came here last week.

 

Como e quando usar o simple past??

 

Ex.: Ane and John always danced together.

 I studied Spanish last year.

The simple past is used when:

 

A) ações terminadas num passado definido.(1º exemplo)

 

B) ações habituais, comuns , feitas no passado.(2º exemplo)

 

o passado simples pode vir acompanhado de alguns advérbios de tempo, como:

yesterday

last week

last month

last year

last night

three years ago

 

INTERROGATIVE AND NEGATIVE FORM

 

(Afirmativa)  you liked to eat this cake.

(interrogativa) did you like to eat cake?

(negativa) you didn’t like to eat cake.

• para  a forma negativa e interrogativa  é necessário o uso do auxiliar DID. Neste caso o verbo principal fica no infinitivo e sem o to.

Ex.:

I didn’t work on a ship last month.

We didn’t want to speak with you.

 

NEW VERBS

 

To carry= transportar, carregar

To wear= vestir, usar

To find, found= achar

To see, saw, seen= ver

To call= chamar

 

NEW WORDS

 

Ship=navio                                        faculty= corpo docente

Together= juntos                                college= faculdade

Ago= atrás( tempo)                            first= primeiro 

Pants= calças                                      cheap=barato

Notice= aviso                                      expensive= caro

News= notícias

NEW EXPRESSIONS

 

Expert= perito

Smart= esperto

 

ACTIVITY

 

1) USE THE SIMPLE PAST IN THIS VERBS:

 

A) love=______________

B) use=______________

C) dance=_____________

D) stop=______________

E) talk=______________

F) study=_____________

G) need=_____________

H) see=______________

 

2) PUT THE SENTENCES INTO SIMPLE PAST:

 

A) I want to go to church.

_________________________________________

 

B) we need to study a lot.

_________________________________________

 

C) Ane makes a chocolate cake.

_________________________________________

 

D) he stop to work this afternoon.

_________________________________________

 

E) I wear a beautiful dress today.

_________________________________________

3) PUT THE SENTENCES INTO NEGATIVE FORM:

 

A) she wore a new pants yesterday.

_______________________________________________

 

B) my father stopped to buy chocolate for me.

_______________________________________________

 

C) I saw my boyfriend yesterday.

_______________________________________________

 

D) Peter carried a lot of things in your car.

_______________________________________________

 

E) he found my old book.

_____________________________________________

 

4) PUT THE SENTENCE INTO THE INTERROGATIVE FORM:

 

A) we worked all day long.

_____________________________________________

 

B) they studied English last week.

_____________________________________________

 

C) you traveled last month.

_____________________________________________

 

D) you found my red dress.

_____________________________________________

 

LISTA DE ALGUNS VERBOS IRREGULARES

 

Nesta lição foi citado os verbos irregulares. Veja  agora alguns verbos irregulares e suas formas tanto no passado como no particípio simples:

 

To be, was/ were, been= ser,estar

To become, became, become= tornar-se

To begin, began, begun= começar, iniciar

To bring, brought, brought= trazer

To buy, bought, bought= comprar

To choose, chose, chosen= escolher

To come, came, come= vir

To do, did, done= fazer

To eat, ate, eaten= comer

To find, found, found= achar

To give, gave, given= dar

To go, went, gone= ir

To have, had, had= ter

To leave, left, left= partir, deixar

To make, made, made= fazer

to run, ran, run= correr

to say, said, said= dizer

to see, saw, seen= ver

to sell, sold, sold= vender

to sleep, slept, slept= dormer

to speak, spoke, spoken= falar

 

GABARITO

 

1)

A) loved

B) used

C) danced

D)stopped

E) talked

F) studied

G) needed

H) saw

 

2)

A) I wanted to go to church .

B) we needed to study a lot.

C) Ane made a chocolate cake.

D) he stopped to work.

E) I wore a beautiful dress yesterday.

 

3)

A) she didn’t wear a new pants yesterday.

B) my father didn’t stop to buy chocolate for me.

C) I didn’t see my boyfriend yesterday.

D) Peter didn’t carry a lot of things in your car.

E) he didn’t find my old book.

 

4)

A) did we work all day long?

B) did they study English last week?

C) did you travel last month?

D) did you find my red dress?